What is the purpose of a pressure regulator in a plumbing system?

A pressure regulator serves a crucial role in a plumbing system by maintaining a consistent water pressure and protecting fixtures from potentially damaging high pressure. When water enters a plumbing system, it may do so at variable and often high pressures, which can lead to damage over time to pipes, faucets, and appliances. The pressure regulator automatically adjusts the incoming water pressure to a predetermined level, ensuring that it remains stable regardless of fluctuations in the main supply pressure.

This regulation is essential not only for the functionality of the plumbing fixtures but also for their longevity. Excessively high pressure can cause leaks, burst pipes, and premature wear and tear on appliances. Thus, the regulator's ability to provide a safe and consistent pressure is critical for maintaining the integrity and efficiency of the entire plumbing system.

The other choices focus on functions that a pressure regulator does not perform, like increasing water pressure, filtering impurities, or shutting off flow, which are handled by different components in a plumbing system.