What is the primary purpose of a plumbing vent system?

The primary purpose of a plumbing vent system is to allow sewer gases to escape. Vent systems play a critical role in maintaining proper air pressure within the plumbing system, which is essential for the drainage and waste removal processes. When wastewater flows through the pipes, it can create a vacuum if there isn't adequate ventilation. This vacuum can hinder the flow of wastewater or even cause plumbing fixtures to gurgle. By providing an escape route for sewer gases, vents help to equalize pressure, prevent the buildup of harmful gases within the system, and ensure that all fixtures drain properly. Thus, the vent not only helps in maintaining air pressure but also serves an important safety function by preventing the accumulation of toxic gases inside structures.